What is Gluconolactone?
Gluconolactone is a polyhydroxy acid (PHA), a newer and gentler cousin of the alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) like glycolic and lactic acid. It is made from glucose (a sugar) and is a natural part of some fruits and honey.
Chemically it works like an AHA, but its molecules are larger and have more water-attracting groups. That makes it a popular choice for people who want gentle exfoliation and extra hydration, including those with sensitive skin.
Source
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Found in |
Gluconolactone (INCI name); also called glucono delta-lactone (GDL) |
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Origin |
Derived from glucose; cosmetic grade is typically made by oxidation of glucose |
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Also known as |
PHA, polyhydroxy acid, glucono delta-lactone |
Top features and benefits
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Gently exfoliates dead skin cells |
Attracts water and supports hydration |
Has antioxidant properties |
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May modestly support the skin's surface strength |
Often less irritating than AHAs |
Suited to sensitive skin |
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Works in leave-on products |
Smooths rough texture |
Natural sugar-derived origin |
How Does It Work?
Gluconolactone works like other exfoliating acids: it loosens the bonds between dead skin cells so they shed more easily, which can leave skin smoother and brighter over time. The difference is its size. Its molecules are bigger, so they penetrate more slowly and less deeply than smaller AHAs like glycolic acid.
That slower, shallower action is why PHAs are generally considered a bit less sensitising for some skin types. They also attract water, so they tend to hydrate while they exfoliate, and they can act as antioxidants.
The difference is modest, though. Paula's Choice notes that gluconolactone is not a magic bullet, and published evidence consists of a small number of reviews and studies. It is a good option for people who find glycolic acid too harsh, but it is not irritation-proof.